Annaliza E. Nebres

OOC

Book Review 5

Book: Systems Analysis and Design

Author: Kendall and Kendall

Reference no.: QA 76.9 S88 K45 2002

Quotation: (chapter 2)

“Management in organization exists on three horizontal levels: Operational, Managerial and Strategic. Each level consists own responsibilities and all work toward achieving organizational goals and objective in their own ways.”

Levels of Management

In this topic it discusses the three levels of management. First was the Operation Management where in the management makes decisions using predetermined rules that have predictable outcomes when implemented correctly. They’re also the one make decision the affects the implementation in work scheduling, inventory, etc. they are the one who monitor the operating details and ensuring that the tasks of workers are accomplished  on time and accordance with organizational constraints.

Second is the Middle Managers where they makes short tern planning and control decisions about how resources will be best allocated to meet organizational objectives. They experience very little certainty in their decision-making environment. They also forecast future resources requirements in solving employee problems that threats the productivity. The decisions that Middle Mangers made is half operational and strategic with constant fluctuations.

The third level is the Top Managers or also known as the Strategic Managers that makes decisions that will guide the operational and middle managers in months and years. Strategic Managers actually define the organization as a whole through statement of goals and determination pf strategies and policies to achieve them.

There are many differences in strategic managers and operational managers. One is, strategic manager makes one-time decision while operational tends to be repetitive and the styles of strategic managers tend to be heuristic and operational tend to be analytic. We should know their differences for us to recognize them and b able to know their duty.